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No. 752,281. PATENTED FEB. 16, 1904.

' I F. E; CALDWELL.

CASING FOR EGONOMIZERS OP. THE LIKE.

I APPLICATION FILED JULY 10, 1902. NO MODEL. 2 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

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P. E. CALDWELL. CASING FOR EUONOMIZERS OR THE LIKE APPLIOATION FILED JULY 10, 1902. N0 MODEL. 2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

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UNITED STATES Patented February 16, 1904.

PATENT OFFICE.

FRED E. OALDVV ELL, OF BROOKLYN, NEW YORK, ASSIGNOR TO WESTING-I HOUSE, CHURCH, KERR AND COMPANY, OF JERSEY CITY, NEW JERSEY, A CORPORATION OF NEW JERSEY.

CASING FOR ECONOMIZERS OR THE LIKE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 752,281, dated February 16, 1904.

Application filed July 10, 1902. Serial No. 114,991. No model.)

T all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, FRED E. CALDWELL, a citizen of the United States, residing at Brooklyn, county of Kings, and State of New York,

have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Casings for Economizers or the Like, fully described and represented in the follow ing specification and the accompanying drawings, forming a part of the same.

I This invention relates to improvements in feed-water heaters of the class known as fueleconomizers, in which the water on its way to the boiler is caused to pass through a systern of pipes exposed to the hot gases of com- I 5 bustion from the boiler-furnace, these pipes being inclosed in a suitable casing connected at one end to the boiler-furnace and at the other end to the chimney.

The improvements of the present invention 2 relate to casings for such fuel-economizers,

. and especially to fuel-economizer casings the walls of which instead of being built up of brick are made up in sections, on the removal of any one or more of which access may be 2 5 had to any particular part of the economizer for the purposes of repair or otherwise.

It is the object of the present invention to provide a fuel-economizer casing of this type the sections of which constituting the walls of 3 the casing are of improved construction and which are connected together in a novel manner, so as to form the walls of the casing.

As a full understanding of the invention can best be had from a detailed description of an organization embodying the same, such description will now be given, in connection with the accompanying drawings, in which Figure 1 is a plan view of a fuel-economizer embodying the present invention, the same i 4 being broken away longitudinally and transversely for convenience of illustration. Fig. 2 is a horizontal section of the same on the line 2 of Fig. 3. Fig. 3 is a transverse vertical section of the same. Fig. 1 is a vertical section on the line 4 of Fig. 3, portions or layers of the wall of the casing being broken away, so as to illustrate the construction of each panel or section.

Fig. 5 is a vertical section, on an enlarged scale, through one of the panels or sections of the casing, illustrating means for supporting a baflie-plate within the casing; and Fig. 6 is a horizontal section of the same, taken on the line 6 of Fig. 5.

Referring to said drawings, the economizer there shown consists, sofar as the pipes or 5 5 tubes of the economizer are concerned, of a series of groups of vertical pipes 1, the pipes of each group being connected at their upper ends to a header 2 and at their lower ends to a header 3, there being an upper header 2 and a lower header 3 for each group of pipes l. The upper headers 2 of the several groups of pipes 1 are connected to a horizontal pipe 4., the inlet end 5 of which is to be connected with a source of water-supply and the outlet 5 end 6 of which is to be connected to the boiler, while the lower headers 3 of the several groups of pipes l-are connected with a lower horizontal pipe 7, normally closed at its opposite ends, but provided at one end with a blow-on 7 I pipe or connection 8 for removing mud which may deposit in pipe 7 or in the lower headers 3. The upper and lower horizontal pipes 4 T are connected with the upper and lower headers 2 3, respectively, in such way (as is well under- 7 5 stood) that the water entering the inlet end 5 of pipe 4 passes into the upper header 2 of the first group of pipes 1, thence downwardly through such group of pipes, through the lower header 3 thereof, and into pipe 7, whence it passes into the lower header 3 of the next group of pipes 1, thence upwardly through such pipes int-o the upper header 2- thereof, and again enters the pipe t, whence it passes through theupper header 2, pipes 1, and lower header 3 of 5 the third group of pipes, and so on until it has circulated through the several groups of pipes and their upper and lower headers 2 3, when it passes from the outlet end of pipe 4: into the piping (not shown) leading to the boiler. 9

The headers 2 3, the several groups of vertical pipes 1, and horizontal pipes 4. 7, just described, are all supported by a suitable foundation 9. of brickwork, upon which the bases 10 of the several lower headers 3 rest, as best shown in Fig. 3. Between the walls of this foundation 9 is provided the usual soot-chamber 11 and the several headers 2 3, and groups of vertical pipes 1 are inclosed in a casing which will now be described and which, as usual in economizer constructions, is connected with a flue 12, leading from the crown of the furnace to the chimney, so as to form a part or continuation of such flue.

The casing just referred to as inclosing the headers 2 3 and pipes 1 consists of a series of panels connected at their side edges, so as to form the side walls of the casing, the top of the casing being closed by the upper headers 2, which are set close together, as illustrated in Fig. 1, and alsoby plates 13 14, which bridge the spaces between the panels and said headers, as best shown in Figs. 1 and 3.

Each of the panels forming the side walls of the casing consist of a body portion built up of layers or sheets 15 of non-heat-conducting material suitably secured together and inclosed by a frame of metal, the frames of the several panels abutting at their sides and being secured together so as to form the wall of the casing, all as hereinafter more particularly described.

Each of the panels referred to is of a height equal to the height desired or required for the casing and of a width equal, for example, to the space occupied by three or four groups of pipes 1 longitudinally of the casing, the reason for this narrow width of panel being that if it should be desired to gain access to the interior of the casing for the purpose of repairing or removing any particular pipe or pipes such access may be had by the removal simply of one panel, (that which happens to be in line with such pipe or pipes.) The nonheat-conducting material which. I prefer for these panels is asbestos, and the sheets 15 employed for building up or forming the body of the panel are preferably corrugated, with the corrugations on successive layers or sheets running transverselythat is to say, with the corrugations of the first sheet, for example, running vertically, the second sheet horizontally, and so on, as shown in Figs. 5 and 6. The number of such layers or sheets of asbestos which I prefer is six, and the purpose of corrugating such sheets and having the corrugations on successive sheets run transversely is,first, to, add to the strength and rigidity of the structure, and, second, to form between the successive layers or sheets dead-air spaces, thus increasing the non-heat conductivity of the panel. The several layers or sheets 15 of asbestos are held together by bolts 16, headed at their outer ends and at their inner ends bent or hooked over horizontal strips 17 of angle-iron riveted to the frame of the panel, several such horizontal strips 17 being employed for each panel and several such bolts 16 being employed for each strip 17, so as to securely hold the several sheets or layers 15 together and so that the panel may present an even or smooth exterior; The outer and inner faces of the stack of sheets or layers 15 of asbestos are covered by sheets 18 of wire-netting held in place by the headed ends of the bolts 16 and by the horizontal strips 17 upon the inner face of the panel, these inner and outer coverings of wirenetting serving as supports for finishing coats or coverings 19 20 of asbestos-cement upon the outer and inner faces of the panel, which is applied in a plastic condition. The finishing or covering 19 of asbestos-cement upon the outer face of the panel is preferably somewhat thicker than that (20) upon the inner face of the panel, as shown in Figs. 5 and 6.

The frame above referred to, which incloses the body portion of the panel just described, consists of two strips 21, preferably of channel-iron, which form the sides of the frame and which are connected at their upper ends by a strip 22 of angle-iron and at their lower ends by a strip 23 of T-iron. The channels or recesses of the vertical or side strip 21 of the frame face each other, so as to receive the side edges of the layers or sheets 15 of asbestos and also to receive a filling 24 of the asbestos-cement upon the outerand inner faces 19 20 of the panel and in which the edges of such sheets or layers 15 of asbestos are embedded,as shown in Fig. 6. Each frame is also provided with reinforcing corner-plates 25, bolted to the channel-iron strips 21 and to the horizontal strips 22 23, the function of these corner-plates being to strengthen and add to the rigidity of the frame and also to engage the outer face of the built-up body portion of the panel, and thus aid in retaining such body portion in proper position within the frame. The panels thus formed are secured together so as to form the side walls of the-casing in the following manner: As before stated, the channels in the vertical strips or sides 21 of the panel face each other, so that when several such panels are placed side by side, as shown in Fig. 4, the webs or flat sides of such channel-irons will abut. A slight space is provided between them, however, as illustrated in Fig. 6, to'allow for expansion, this space or strip 26 of asbestos, as shown in- Fig. 6. Eachof the channel-irons 21 is provided with a number of bolt-openings, these openings in the several panels registering with each other when the panels are placed side by side, as illustrated in Fig. 4. In line with each of these panels there is provided a short section of pipe 27 embedded in the asbestos-cement filling 24, the purpose of this short section of piping being to permit the passage of a threaded bolt 28, adapted to receive a nut 29. By the provision of this short section of piping 27 the bolts 28 may be inserted or withdrawn without disturbing the cement filling 24 in the channe s.

The panels on one side of the casing are supported from the foundation 9 of the econoor opening being closed or sealed with a sheet mizer by a plate 30, to which the T-irons 23 at the lower ends of the panels are bolted, as illustrated in Fig. 3, this plate 30 being in turn supported by the lower headers 3, which pass through openings in said plate. The panels on the other side of the casing are supported from the foundation 9 by an angle-iron plate 31, to which the T-irons 23 of said panels are bolted, as shown in Fig. 3, and whichplate,

is in turn held in position upon the foundation 9 by the headers 3, which rest upon it.

The panels of one side of the casing are held in position at their upper ends by the plates 13, which are bolted to the angle-irons 22 at the upper ends of said panels and also to the top headers 2, such plates serving not only to hold the panels in position, but also, as before stated, to close the top of the casing, as illustrated in Fig. 1. The panels on the other side of the casing are held in position by the plates 14, which are bolted to plates 22 of the panels and to the headers 2 and, like the plates 13, close the top of the casing. A number of such plates 13 14 are preferably provided longitudinally of the casing, a space being provided between the abutting ends thereof, as shown by dotted lines, Fig. 1, to allow for expansion, which space is covered by a plate 32, having slots receiving bolts 33, connected to the abutting ends of said plates, as illustrated in Fig; 1. To strengthen plates 13, which are wider than plates 14, and prevent buckling thereof under the action of heat, they have bolted to them at intervals transverse strips 34 of angle-iron.

What I claim is 1. As a new article of manufacture, apanel for economizer and like casings comprising a body portion built up of superposed layers of non-heat-conducting material inclosed by a suitable frame, said body portion being covered with plastic non heat conducting material, substantially as described.

2. As a new article of manufacture, a panel for economizer and like casings comprising a body portion built up of superposed layers of non-heat-conducting material inclosed by a suitable frame, said body portion being coyered on opposite sides with plastic non-heat-conducting material, substantially as described.

3. As a new article of manufacture, a panel for economizer and like casings comprising a body portion built up of superposed layers of nonheat conducting material and covered with plastic non-heat-conducting material, said body portion being inclosed by a frame having recessed portions facing each other and containing a filling of such plastic material in which the edges'of said layers are embedded, substantially as described.

4.. As a new article of manufacture, a panel for economizer and like casings comprising a body portion built up of superposed layers of non-heat-conducting material and covered on opposite sides with plastic non-heat-conducting material, said body portion being inclosed layers are embedded, substantially as described.

5. As a new article of manufacture, a panel for economizer and like casings comprising a body portion built up of layers of non-heatconducting material and covered with plastic non-heat-conducting material, said body portion being inclosed by aframe having recessed side portions facing each other and containing a filling of such plastic material in which the edges of said layers are embedded, said frame having also top and bottom portions secured to the side portions and reinforcingmembers at its corners secured to saidtcp, bottom and side portions, substantially as described.

6. As a new article of manufacture, a panel for economizer and like casings comprising a body portion built up of layers of non-heatconducting material and coveredon opposite sides with plastic non-heat-conducting material, said body portion being inclosed by a frame having recessed side portions facing each other and containing a filling of such plastic material in which the edges of said layers are embedded, said frame having also top and bottom portions secured to the side portions and reinforcing members at its corners secured to said top, bottom and side portions, substantially as described.

7. As a new article of manufacture, a panel for economizer and like casings comprising a suitable body portion of non-heat-conducting material inclosed by a frame having side recessed portions, with the recesses therein facing each other, top and bottom portions secured to said side portions, and reinforcing members at its corners secured to said top, bottom and side portions, substantially as described.

8. An economizer or like casing made up of a plurality of panels suitably secured together and each consisting of a body portion built up of superposed layers of non-heat-coriducting material inclosed by a suitable frame, the several panelsbeing suitably spaced apart to allow for expansion and the space between each two being closed or sealed with suitable nonheat-conducting material, substantially as described.

9. An economizer or like casing made up of a plurality of panels suitably secured together and each consisting of a body portion built up of superposed layers of non-heat-conducting material inclosed by a suitable frame, said body portion being covered with plastic nonheat-conducting material, the several panels being suitably spaced apart to allow for expansion and the space between each two being closed or sealed with suitable non-heat-conducting material, substantially as described.

10. An economizer or like casing made up of a plurality of panels suitably secured to- &

gether and each consisting of a body portion built up of superposed layers of non-heat-conducting material and covered with plastic nonheat-conducting material, said body portion being inclosed by a frame having recessed portions facing each other and containing a filling of such plastic material in which the edges of said layers are embedded, substantially as described.

11. An economizer or like casing made up of a plurality of panels suitably secured together and each consisting of a body portion built up of layers of non-heat-conducting material and covered with plastic non-heat-conducting material, said body portion being inclosed by a frame having recessed side portions facing each other and containing a filling of such plastic material in which the edges of said layers are embedded, said frame having also top and bottom portions secured to the side portions and reinforcing members at its corners secured to said top, bottom and side portions, substantially as described.

12. An economizer or like casing made up of a plurality of panels suitably secured together and each consisting of a body portion of non-heat-conducting material inclosed by a frame having recessed portions, with the recesses therein facing each other, the several panels being suitably spaced apart to allow for expansion and the space between each two being closed or sealed with suitable non-heatconducting material, scribed.

13. An economizer or like casing made up of a plurality of panels suitably secured together and each consisting of abody portion of non-heat-conducting material inclosed by a frame having side recessed portions, with the recesses therein facing each other, top and bottom portions secured to said side portions, and reinforcing members at its corners secured to said top, bottom and side portions,the several panels being suitably spaced apart to allow for expansion and the space between each two being closed or sealed with suitable nonheat-conducting material, substantially as described.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

FRED E. CALDWELL.

Witnesses:

T. F. KEHoE, J. A. GRAVES.

substantially as de- 

